定语从句语法归纳

概要：y respected by others.III. as、which和that的区别从句区 别例 句限制性定语从句中名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用whichHe is not such a fool as he looks.Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.非限制性定语从句中as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.the same... as和the same ...thatthe same... as指同类事物the same ...that 指原

定语从句语法归纳,http://www.170xuexi.com

5.He is the only man that I want to see.

6.Who is the man that is making a speech?

只用which, who, whom的情况

1.在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人

2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。

3.先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。

1.He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.

2.I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.

3.Those who respect others are usually respected by others.

III. as、which和that的区别

从句

区 别

例 句

限制性

定语从句中

名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用which

He is not such a fool as he looks.

Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.

非限制性

定语从句中

as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。

They won the game, as we had expected.

They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.

As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.

the same... as和

the same ...that

the same... as指同类事物

the same ...that 指原物

That’s the same tool as I used last week.（同类工具，不是同一把）

That’s the same tool that I used last week.那就是我上周用过的工具。

注意：the way 做先行词时，定语从句可由that, in which 引导或不用引导词。

IV.定语从句与其它从句（句型）的区别

类 别

区 别

例 句

定语从句

与

并列句

定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于：并列句有像and，but，so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。

①Mr Li has three daughters，none of _____ is an engineer．

②Mr Li has three daughters，but none of _____ is a dancer．

从结构上看，①小题是定语从句，故填whom；

②小题有并列连词but，是并列句，故填代词 them。

定语从句

与

状语从句

定语从句的前面有名词作先行词，而状语从句没有先行词。

This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.

这是几年前我们居住的地方。（定语从句，先行词为the place）

Let’s go where we can find a better job.

我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）

定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词，只能放在先行词的后面，而状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以放在主句的前面。

Do you know the time when the class is over? 你知道下课的时间吗？（定语从句）

It was already five o’clock when the class was over.

=When the class was over, it was already five o’clock.

当下课时己经是5点了。（时间状语从句）

When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词＋which”的结构来替换，在引导状语从句时却不行。

This is the factory in which (where) his father once worked.

这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。（定语从句）

Put back the book where it was. 把书放回原处。（状语从句）

定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分，因此去掉它则从句成分不完整；而结果状语从句中的连接词在从句中不作任何成分，去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。

It is such an interesting book as we all like. 它是我们大家都喜欢的如此有趣的书。

（as用作动词like的宾语，它引导的是定语从句）

It is such an interesting book that we all like it.

它是一本如此有趣的书，我们大家都喜欢它。

（that不充当句子成分，故它引导的是结果状语从句）

定语从句

与

同位语从句

定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词，对先行词起修饰、描述或限制的作用，与先行词之间有从属关系。同位语的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词给予补充说明或进一步解释，是前面名词的具体内容,与先行词之间是同位关系。

The news that she had passed the exam made her parents very happy.

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